FQP30N06L — 60V 32A Logic-Level N-Channel Power MOSFET (TO-220)

Overview

The FQP30N06L is a 60V, 32A N-channel logic-level power MOSFET manufactured by onsemi (originally Fairchild Semiconductor) using proprietary planar stripe QFET technology. Housed in a through-hole TO-220 package, it is designed for low on-resistance, fast switching performance, and low gate charge.

Because of its low gate threshold voltage ( $V_{GS(th)} = 1.0\text{V} \dots 2.5\text{V}$ ), the FQP30N06L can be switched directly from $3.3\text{V}$ and $5.0\text{V}$ microcontroller outputs (Arduino, ESP32, Raspberry Pi Pico) without requiring a separate high-voltage gate driver IC. It is widely used in hobby robotics for DC motor PWM speed control, solenoid and relay driving, and 12V/24V LED strip dimming.

Quick reference


Transistor Type	N-Channel Logic-Level Enhancement Mode MOSFET (QFET)
Package	TO-220 (Pin 1: Gate, Pin 2: Drain/Tab, Pin 3: Source)
Drain-Source Voltage ( $V_{DSS}$ )	$60\text{ V}$ max
Continuous Drain Current ( $I_D$ )	$32\text{ A}$ at $T_C = 25^\circ\text{C}$ ( $22.6\text{ A}$ at $100^\circ\text{C}$ )
Gate Threshold Voltage ( $V_{GS(th)}$ )	$1.0\text{ V}$ min to $2.5\text{ V}$ max
On-Resistance ( $R_{DS(on)}$ )	$35\text{ m}\Omega$ max at $V_{GS} = 10\text{V}$ / $45\text{ m}\Omega$ max at $V_{GS} = 5\text{V}$
Pulsed Drain Current ( $I_{DM}$ )	$128\text{ A}$
Total Power Dissipation ( $P_D$ )	$79\text{ W}$ ( $T_C = 25^\circ\text{C}$ )

Terminal identification

text

        ┌─────────┐
        │  TO-220 │
        │ 30N06L  │
        └─┬───┬───┬─┘
          1   2   3
          G   D   S

Pin	Terminal	Description
1	`Gate` (`G`)	Gate control input (Connect to MCU GPIO via current-limiting resistor)
2 / Tab	`Drain` (`D`)	Drain terminal / Heatsink Tab (Connect to load negative return)
3	`Source` (`S`)	Source terminal (Connect to Common System Ground 0 V)

Specifications

Parameter	Symbol	Min	Typ	Max	Unit	Conditions
Drain-Source Breakdown Voltage	$V_{(BR)DSS}$	60	—	—	V	$V_{GS} = 0\text{V}, I_D = 250\ \mu\text{A}$
Gate Threshold Voltage	$V_{GS(th)}$	1.0	—	2.5	V	$V_{DS} = V_{GS}, I_D = 250\ \mu\text{A}$
On-Resistance ( $V_{GS} = 10\text{V}$ )	$R_{DS(on)}$	—	27	35	mΩ	$V_{GS} = 10\text{V}, I_D = 16\text{A}$
On-Resistance ( $V_{GS} = 5\text{V}$ )	$R_{DS(on)}$	—	35	45	mΩ	$V_{GS} = 5\text{V}, I_D = 16\text{A}$
Total Gate Charge	$Q_g$	—	15	20	nC	$V_{DS} = 48\text{V}, I_D = 32\text{A}, V_{GS} = 5\text{V}$
Turn-On Delay Time	$t_{d(on)}$	—	15	40	ns	$V_{DD} = 30\text{V}, I_D = 16\text{A}, R_G = 25\ \Omega$
Turn-Off Delay Time	$t_{d(off)}$	—	40	90	ns	$V_{DD} = 30\text{V}, I_D = 16\text{A}, R_G = 25\ \Omega$

Typical circuits

Microcontroller PWM Low-Side Driver (12V/24V Load)

text

        +12V / +24V DC Supply
           │
         [ LOAD (Motor / Solenoid / High-Power LED) ]
           │
           ├─── [ Flyback Diode 1N4007 across Inductive Load ]
           │
        [Pin 2: DRAIN]
         FQP30N06L
        [Pin 3: SOURCE] ─── GND (Common System Ground)
           │
        [Pin 1: GATE] ◄───[ R_gate = 220Ω ]───◄ MCU PWM Output (3.3V / 5V)
           │
        [ R_pulldown = 10kΩ ]
           │
          GND

Selection & substitutes

Part Number	$V_{DSS}$	$I_D$	$R_{DS(on)}$ at 5V	Notes
FQP30N06L	$60\text{ V}$	$32\text{ A}$	$45\text{ m}\Omega$	QFET planar technology, low gate charge
IRLZ44N	$55\text{ V}$	$47\text{ A}$	$22\text{ m}\Omega$	Higher current rating, lower $R_{DS(on)}$
RFP30N06LE	$60\text{ V}$	$30\text{ A}$	$47\text{ m}\Omega$	Classic MegaFET equivalent

Common mistakes

Driving with standard MOSFETs (IRF series): Standard IRF3205 or IRF540N MOSFETs require $10\text{V}$ gate voltage to fully saturate. Driving them from a $3.3\text{V}$ or $5.0\text{V}$ Arduino pin leaves them partially conductive, generating heavy heat under load. Always verify the "L" (Logic-Level) designation.
Floating Gate without a pull-down resistor: During microcontroller startup or reset, GPIO pins are in a high-impedance floating state. Without a $10\text{ k}\Omega$ pull-down resistor to Ground on the Gate, ambient electrostatic charge can turn the MOSFET partially on, causing motor twitching or unwanted power delivery.

Notes

Suffix Identification: The "L" in FQP30N06L denotes Logic-Level gate threshold; FQP30N06 (without L) is the standard 10V-gate version.

Interface	3.3V and 5V Logic-Level Gate Drive
Package	TO-220-3 (TO-220AB)